Citric Acid Monohydrate is an organic acid containing one molecule of water of crystallization per citric acid molecule. It appears as colorless crystals or a white crystalline powder with a strong acidic taste. It is highly soluble in water and acts as a natural preservative, acidulant, and chelating agent across industrial and food applications.
Citric Acid Monohydrate CAM CAS 5949-29-1
Description
- CAS: 5949-29-1
- Synonyms: 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid monohydrate; Citric acid hydrate
- Einecs: 201-069-1
- Molecular Formula: C₆H₈O₇ ⋅ H₂O
- Grade: Food Grade / Pharmaceutical Grade / Technical Grade
- Package: As required
Details
Chemical Properties
Basic Properties: Molar mass of 210.14 g/mol; weak tribasic organic acid; soluble in ethanol and freely soluble in water.
Common Chemical Reactions:
- Dehydration: Loses its crystal water at temperatures above 100°C to transition into anhydrous citric acid.
- Neutralization: Reacts with bases (such as sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate) to form citrate salts and carbon dioxide.
- Chelation: Forms stable soluble complexes with metal ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Fe³⁺), neutralizing metal reactivity.
Specifications Table
| Appearance | White crystalline powder or colorless crystals |
| Assay (Purity) | 99.5% – 100.5% |
| Melting Point | ~135°C to 152°C (decomposes) |
| Volatility | Non-volatile |
| Ash Content | ≤ 0.1% |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water (~1630 g/L at 20°C); soluble in ethanol |
| Thermal Stability | Dehydrates at ~100°C; thermally decomposes above 175°C |
Applications & Functions
- Food & Beverage: Serves as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and pH regulator to control tartness and inhibit microbial growth.
- Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care: Functions as an effervescent agent, buffer system component, and antioxidant synergist.
- Detergents & Cleaning: Acts as a water softener and descaler by chelating calcium and magnesium ions in hard water.
Storage Requirements
- Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse.
- Keep containers tightly sealed away from direct sunlight, open heat sources, and high humidity to prevent caking.
- Maintain recommended ambient storage conditions below 25°C and relative humidity below 60%.
Handling & Safety Precautions
- Wear personal protective equipment (goggles, nitrile gloves, and a dust mask) during handling.
- Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing; wash thoroughly with water after handling.
- Ensure local exhaust ventilation to control airborne dust creation.
Common Formulations & Function
- Effervescent Tablets: Combined with Sodium Bicarbonate (1:1.2 ratio); reacts upon contact with water to generate carbon dioxide gas for rapid dissolving.
- Industrial Descaling Agent: Diluted to 5%–10% in aqueous solution; dissolves limescale (CaCO₃) through acid dissolution and chelation.
- Beverage Preservative System: Formulated at 0.1%–0.3% concentrations to adjust pH below 4.6, suppressing bacterial activity.
Packaging Options
Fiber drum or carton box, lined with PE bag. Customized packaging available upon request.
FAQ
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